Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) has a wide range of application value in biological and biochemical research, mainly in the following aspects:
Separation and identification of proteins : PAGE separates protein samples through the action of electric field, separates them according to the size and charge difference of proteins, and then analyzes them. This method can be used to separate and identify various protein components in protein samples and analyze the molecular weight and charge state of proteins.
Analysis of protein molecular weight and charge state : PAGE can analyze the molecular weight and charge state of proteins according to their migration speed in the electric field. Large molecular proteins migrate slowly, small molecular proteins migrate quickly, positively charged proteins migrate to the cathode, and negatively charged proteins migrate to the anode.
Detection of protein purity and content : PAGE combined with staining or other detection methods can visualize protein bands and perform quantitative analysis. This method can be used to detect protein purity and content.
Further identification and quantification in combination with other analytical methods : PAGE can be combined with other analytical methods such as mass spectrometry to further identify and quantify the separated proteins. This makes PAGE valuable in proteomics research.
Applications of SDS-PAGE and Native-PAGE: Depending on the purpose of the analysis, PAGE can be run under denaturing or non-denaturing conditions. SDS-PAGE eliminates the structural and charge effects of proteins through denaturation treatment, allowing them to be separated only based on molecular weight; while Native-PAGE retains the higher-order structure of proteins and is mainly used to analyze the native state and interactions of proteins